高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit_4讲述.ppt

2．译成主动句 英译汉时，不少英语的被动句被译成汉语的主动句，使句子更符合汉语的习惯。 3．译成判断句 有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状态、过程和性质加以描述，其作用与系表结构类似。此类句式可翻译成中文的判断句。 4．It + be +past participle + that 引导的从句的翻译英语中这样的句子在汉语中可以译成不带主语或带主语的句。 5．某些表示被动含义的句型的翻译。 e.g. 1) The house needed painting. 译文：房子需要油漆一下了。 2) The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion. 译文：是否雇用更多的员工还在研究中。 解析：英语句子虽然看上去是主动语态，含义却是被动的，翻译成中文通常也用主动形式。 Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Pay particular attention to the adverbial clauses. Paragraph One Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons that people’s early intimate relationships within their family of origin are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanages, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. Translation for Reference: Paragraph One 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中（如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，缺乏关爱的家庭）长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。 Paragraph Two What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that “there’s one person out there that one is meant for” and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together. We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out” by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance. Translation for Reference: 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么？许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现