《淮安市水稻生产区域优势与发展对策.docVIP

淮安市水稻生产优势与发展对策 江苏淮安市农业技术推广中心 李兆勇 薛朝标 关键词：水稻；优势；对策；淮安。 摘要：淮安市自1995年到2006年，水稻种植面积、单产、总产随着农业产业结构调整、价格波动以及良种补贴、粮食直补等惠农政策的实施，呈现同步变化特征。1995年-1998年，水稻种植面积、单产、总产表现逐年上升；自1999年开始，伴随着农业产业结构调整的深入，水稻种植面积、单产、总产开始逐年下降；2004年始随着水稻良种补贴、粮食直补等一系列惠农政策的相继出台，水稻种植面积、单产、总产又大幅上升，至2006年种植面积、单产、总产达28.2013万h m2、7853.1kg/h m2、 221.47万t，总产为历史最高年。水稻种植面积占粮食种植面积的41.21-47.46%，总产占粮食总产的54.11-62.16%。淮安水稻生产具有良好的自然优越条件，土壤肥沃、水资源丰富、机械化程度高，但也存在着缺少与高产优质多抗相协调的品种，生产规模化程度低、产业化经营不发达、专业化服务不配套等问题制约了水稻可持续发展,并提出将淮安建成国家级水稻生产基地和优质稻米基地的对策。 The Countermeasures and Advantages of Rice Development in Huai’an District Center of Agricultural Technology Application Huaian, Jiangsu ( Huaian, Jiangsu,223301) Lizhaoyoung Xue Chaobiao Abstract: From 1995 to 2006, with the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, price fluctuation, improved seeds subsidies, direct subsidy in food and other benefiting-farmers policies, the rice planting area, unit yield and the total yields changed accordingly in Huai’an. During 1995 and 1998, they increased year by year. Since 1999, along with the deepening of the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, they started declining. From 2004, beginning with the successive introduction of improved varieties of rice subsidies, direct subsidy in food and a series of benefiting-farmers policies, they increased greatly again. In 2006, they reached 28.2013 millions h m2,7853.1 kg/h m2, 221.47 millions tones respectively, and the total yields was the highest level in the history. The rice planting area was 41.21-47.46% of all grain growing areas, the total rice yield was 54.11-62.16% of the total grain yields. There are some good natural advantages for rice production, such as fertile soil, rich water resources and the high degree of mechanization. But there are some problems as fellows: the lack of varieties which have high yield, high quality and multi-resistant characters, the low degree of scale of production, underdeveloped industrialization and unsuitable speciali