中国商业银行高利润的成因及其对策——基于银行风险控制角度.docVIP

中国商业银行高利润的成因及其对策 ——基于银行风险控制角度 摘要 2011年我国商业银行的高利润问题一度成为大众关注的焦点，在实体经济增速放缓的同时银行业的发展却是一路向前。从已公布业绩的几家上市银行来看，2011年其利润增长都在40%至50%，创历史新高，利润超过烟草石油等垄断行业，所以就有银行暴利的说法。暴利应该是用不正当的手段来获取高额利润，把银行的行为定义为暴利不太妥当，因此用高利润来暂时定义银行暴利。本文正是在这一背景下进行的展开。通过分析四大国有商业银行近10年的利润总额的变化来了解了银行高利润的现实情况，高利润的构成主要来源于佣金收入的增加，利差收入等。银行业收费项目近几年的爆发式增长使得银行的佣金收入大大的增加；其次在利率还没有完全市场化的环境中，存贷的利差收入则成为银行高利润的主要来源；最后，紧缩政策以来，为了达到吸引资金的目的，各家银行疯狂发行理财产品的同时，得到的不菲的隐形收入。而这是这些因素影响了商业银行的流动性比例及不良贷款率，从而高利润带来了商业银行的高风险，在本文的第三部分着重分析了高利润与高风险的这种相关关系。第四部分则针对这一关系分析银行的高利润的根本原因是垄断。最后从风险控制的角度分析商业银行的高利润具有重要意义，因此在国内已有的观点基础上，出于风险控制的原因提出控制高利润减低银行风险的政策建议。 关键词：商业银行高利润；垄断；风险控制 Countermeasures and cause of Chinese commercial banks with high profits ——Based on the angle of risk control from banks Abstract In 2011 the issue of Chinese commercial banks’ high-margin became the focus of public concern,while the development of the real economy slowdown banks are on the way forward.From the published results of several listed banks,in 2011 its profit growth in 40-50%,make records,more than tobacco and oil monopoly industries,so there saying the bank profits.Profits should be used improper means to obtain high profits,so defined the banks behavior as profits is not appropriate,therefore,this paper analyzes with high profits.This paper is carried out in this context.By analyzing the changes of the four state-owned commercial banks total profit of nearly 10 years to understand the reality of the high bank profits.High profits constitutes a major increase in commission income and spread income, etc.One source of commercial banks’ highly profit are banking fees explosive growth in recent years;Second,in interest rates have not yet fully market-oriented environment spread income is a major source of savings and loan banks with high profits;Finally,in order to achieve the purpose of attracting funds,banks issue financial products madly,and get a lot of invisible income.It is these factors which affect the liquidity ratio and non-performing loan ratio of commercial b