ppt课件-chapter1principlesofclinicalchemistry.pptVIP

* MLAB 2401: Clinical Chemistry Basic Principles and Practice of Clinical Chemistry, part 2 General Laboratory Equipment: Balances Type chosen dependent on volume/weight needed and degree of accuracy required. * Double Pan Classic, single beam with equal arm length, pan on each end Counter weights on one side, desired substance on other side Single Pan Most common in lab Arms of unequal length, pan is on shorter arm Has restoring force on other side to bring weight back to null position Double-/Triple-beam Forms of unequal-arm balance Single pan on short arm, long arm has 2-3 parallel beams with different weights attached General Laboratory Equipment: Balances (con’t) Electronic single-pan balance The load causes the beam to tilt downward A null detector senses the position of the beam and indicates when it has deviated from equilibrium point An electromagnetic force is applied to return the balance to its null position Restoring force is proportional to weight on pan, is applied through a solenoid or torque motor The current required to produce the force is displayed digitally by liquid crystals in a form equivalent to mass on balance * Balances: How to Use Balance must be located in a vibration-free area, including air currents Balance must be kept clean Periodically calibrated with known weights Use plastic weigh boats or paper to weigh chemicals * General Laboratory Equipment: Centrifuge Purpose Separating solids from a liquid suspension by means of centrifugal force Types Benchtop Swing-bucket Fixed-head or fixed-angle Ultracentrifuge Maintenance Interior and exterior cleaning Verification of accuracy of timers and speeds * General Laboratory Equipment Other separation methods Filtration of materials Dialysis - This method makes use of a semi-permeable membrane that allows separation of molecules using their size * Specimen Collection and Processing Medical ethics in specimen collection – professionalism and confidentiality at all times Special c