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g e o l-100 guide1, tu th, a u g- o c t90, h d（g l - 100 e o guide1,你,一个u g - o c t90 h d）（24页）.doc

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GEOL-100 Introduction to Physical GEOLOGY MA Sullivan, HiSchool Rm. 207 29 Oct – 19 Dec 07 MoWe (Sa), 17:00 – 19:45h LECTURER: Dr. Jiri Brezina, Heidelberger Str. 68, phone/-fax (civilian): 06223-7014/-3421 69 151 Neckargemünd-3, Waldhilsbach e-mail: jb@grano.de http://teaching.grano.dehis GPS: N 49° 22’ 40.3687” = 49.377880205°; E 8° 46’ 08.5719” = 8.769047770° TEXTBOOK: Physical Geology by Anatole Dolgoff; Houghton Mifflin, 1998. /G0GDDolg.DOC Printed: Tue, 17 Jan 17, 18:28h G0GDDolg.DOC + GuidDat.doc Bold numbers indicate chapters, Textbook GUIDE regular numbers indicate pages, Meeting decimal numbers figures tables # Date eSubject beginning: “G0+1_SUL_OD07_MoWe: “ of the textbook; TG stands for this Guide. A Earth Crust Materials (5 - 9, 140 - 269) 1 Mo, 29 Oct 2007 Matter The properties of matter result from its STRUCTURE. Two levels of structure may be recognized: 1 Structure of the elementary (ultimately fine) particles of matter - structure of atoms (and ions); it controls the chemical properties of matter (see Basics from Inorganic Chemistry between the heavy lines below, TGp. 1-3); 2 Mutual arrangement of the elementary particles of matter = crystal structure. Most of it is revealed by a crystal shape (habit, 149); it controls the physical properties of matter, such as: hardness, specific gravity, cleavage, striations (150-5). Basics from Inorganic Chemistry (5, 141-148; optional for your reference) ELEMENTS (142) are simple substances that cannot be decomposed or transformed into one another by chemical means; their ultimately finest particles are ATOMS. There are more than 100 various elements. Each element consists of atoms of the same kind. Two or more elements may combine to form a COMPOUND uniting (chemically binding) the elements in a specific ratio (constituents of a mixture are not bond and not in a specific ratio); the ultimately finest compound particles – clusters of chemically bond atoms (by covalent bond, TG2; ionic compou