antleronthe sea- universityof lethbridge（antleronthe海-莱斯布里奇大学）（8页）.docVIP

Antler on the Sea The Yup’ik and Chukchi of the Russian Far East By Anna M. Kerttula Chapter 5 The Cultural Construction of Other Metaphors and Symbols An analysis of the cultural differences between the Chukchi, Yup’ik, and Newcomers will show how each group’s boundaries become more important through interaction with the other two. Before Soviet influences the Chukchi and Yup’ik were in conflict. Although there was contact and conflict, The Soviet State created a social and physical landscape the encouraged the articulation of the “otherness” in ways that were previously unknown. This forced the two groups to redefine their relationship in new context. By changing the social and physical closeness of these three groups, the state encouraged the development of a language of difference, based in and on prior cultural and symbolic texts. Collectivisation, village relocations and closures, and in-migrations of non-native professionals created a pluralistic community called the village of Sireniki bringing the three different cultures together. Sireniki had become the point of division between, Tundra and sea Tradition and progress Chukchi and Yup’ik Native and newcomer The root metaphors and many of the associated symbols of the Chukchi and Yup’ik were drawn from the features of the tundra and the sea. Newcomers did not easily lend themselves to this characterisation because of their own cultural diversity. To understand how all three groups created social interaction and community over culturally and symbolically differences you need to look at the construction of the Yup’ik and Chukchi. The Chukchi The Yup’ikThe tundra was a root metaphor because they were connected spiritually and materially to the land. They were nomadic deer herders whose settlements consisted of mobile family encampments. They saw the village as where the sea ended and the tundra began. The sea was a root metaphor because they were connected spiritually