ppt课件-chemical bonding(short)- manchester university（化学键(短)-曼彻斯特大学）.pptVIP

To play the movies and simulations included, view the presentation in Slide Show Mode. * CHEMICAL BONDING Cocaine Chemistry I – Chapter 8 Chemistry I Honors – Chapter 12 SAVE PAPER AND INK!!! When you print out the notes on PowerPoint, print Handouts instead of Slides in the print setup. Also, turn off the backgrounds (ToolsOptionsPrintUNcheck Background Printing)! Chemical Bonding Problems and questions — How is a molecule or polyatomic ion held together? Why are atoms distributed at strange angles? Why are molecules not flat? Can we predict the structure? How is structure related to chemical and physical properties? Review of Chemical Bonds There are 3 forms of bonding: _________—complete transfer of 1 or more electrons from one atom to another (one loses, the other gains) forming oppositely charged ions that attract one another _________—some valence electrons shared between atoms _________ – holds atoms of a metal together Most bonds are somewhere in between ionic and covalent. The type of bond can usually be calculated by finding the difference in electronegativity of the two atoms that are going together. Electronegativity Difference If the difference in electronegativities is between: 1.7 to 4.0: Ionic 0.3 to 1.7: Polar Covalent 0.0 to 0.3: Non-Polar Covalent Example: NaCl Na = 0.8, Cl = 3.0 Difference is 2.2, so this is an ionic bond! Ionic Bonds All those ionic compounds were made from ionic bonds. We’ve been through this in great detail already. Positive cations and the negative anions are attracted to one another (remember the Paula Abdul Principle of Chemistry: Opposites Attract!) Therefore, ionic compounds are usually between metals and nonmetals (opposite ends of the periodic table). Electron Distribution in Molecules Electron distribution is depicted with Lewis (electron dot) structures This is how you decide how many atoms will bond covalently! (In ionic bonds, it was decided with charges) G. N. Lewis 1875 - 1946 Bond and Lon