ppt课件-environmentalpollution.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Concept of Soil remediation Protection of fertile soil is soil remediation. Waste water is treated adequately before land disposal. Tree plantation at proper places is to be controlled to prevent soil erosion. Natural fertilizers and biological agents for pest management is used. Plough or mix the soil to improve aeration, porosity and permeability. Water logging and salinity conditions is avoided. Grass only on polluted lands is cultivated. Noise Pollution Noise may not seem as harmful as the contamination of air or water but it is a pollution problem that affects human health and can contribute to a general deterioration of environmental quality. Noise is undesirable and unwanted sound. Not all sound is noise. What may be considered as music to one person may be noise to another. It is not a substance that can accumulate in the environment like most other pollutants. Sound is measured in a unit called the ‘Decibel’. Decibel Levels of Common Sounds dB Environmental Condition 0 Threshold of hearing 10 Rustle of leaves 20 Broadcasting studio 30 Bedroom at night 40 Library 50 Quiet office 60 Conversational speech (at 1m) 70 Average radio 74 Light traffic noise 90 Subway train 100 Symphony orchestra 110 Rock band 120 Aircraft takeoff 146 Threshold of pain Measurement of noise levels It is measured in decibels. Also in Noise exposure index (NEI) NEI = t/T Where t is total time of exposure at a particular noise level. T is total time of exposure permitted at that level. Effects of Noise Pollution on Physical Health The most direct harmful effect of excessive noise is physical damage to the ear and the temporary or permanent hearing loss often called a temporary threshold shift (TTS). People suffering from this condition ar