ppt课件-lecture4 january24,2008- schoolof oceanand earth（2008 -群lecture4 january24 oceanand地球）.pptVIP

Lecture 4 January 24, 2008 Geoid, Global gravity, isostacy, potential, field methods Field Methods Before the field work ? collect background information maps, (roads, topographic) references, previous data geologic background ? check instruments gravimeters, GPS, cell phone contacts, vehicles ??plan station locations choose site easily identified on maps in the field Set up the GPS and start averaging data. Pick a safe, stable site for the meter reading, and begin reading. locate yourself on a map or air photo. Label the map with the station number. Take pictures of the area to aid in re- location. Record all information - including REDUNDANT information. simple profile models go to Excel after this slide Pressure of sea water at 50m: =1.025 gm/cm3*5000cm=5125 dynes 5125=h*0.93, h=55.1 meters, so ~5 m of ice sticks up above water. * a?t+v0 v?t+d0 Integrator The world map on the next slide shows the FAA anomaly for the world. Notice several things: ? the short wavelength anomalies are more prominent in the FAA map than they are in the geoid. ? The short wavelengths are well correlated with tectonic boundaries. ??continental boundaries that are not bounded by subduction zones are subdued. The GEOID is referenced to the center of the earth. The FAA is referenced to SEA LEVEL. What does this imply about the values of the FAA? Homing in on some areas: Iceland gravity contains considerable information about the tectonics of the mid-Atlantic ridge. Lunar Gravity Mars Gravity Isostacy Much like ice bergs in the ocean, the earths crust floats on the mantle. While not a liquid, the viscosity of the mantle is low enough to allow the crust to push mantle material away to equalize pressure. This is the theory of ISOSTACY. In more modern terms, the lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere, and the lithosphere has a much lower viscosity than the upper mantle below the crust. Physics of isostacy: The pressure at the base of a column of earth depends on the height of th