ppt课件-levelsof measurement statistical tests- c s u bakersfield（途径测量统计测试- c s u贝克斯菲尔德）.pptVIP

Inferential Statistics Hypothesis testing (relationship between 2 or more variables) We want to make inferences from a sample to a population. A random sample allows us to infer from a sample to a population. Inferential Statistics Significance Tests Z scores (one sample case) Difference of means tests Two sample case (t-test) Three or more sample case (ANOVA) Chi-Square Bi-Variate Correlation (One IV One DV) Bi-Variate Regression (One IV One DV) Multi-Variate Regression (Two or more IVs One DV) Level of Measurement Significance Tests Chi-Square IV DV are nominal and/or ordinal t-test IV is nominal (group like men women) DV is Interval/Ratio (or a scale) ANOVA IV is nominal (group with 3 or more categories) DV is I/R (or a scale) Regression IV(s) DV are I/R (or scales) IV(s) can be dummy variables Which Test Would you Use? Hr: There is a relationship between: gender income (measured in dollars) race (measured as Black, Latino/a, Caucasian) and income religious preference (catholic, protestant) and attitudes toward abortion (favor, oppose) education (measured in years) and income degree completed (HS or Less College) and income Chi-Square Chi-Square: a test of significance used with cross tabulations of nominal/ordinal level data. Example: Research question: Does political orientation influence parenting style? Political orientation: Conservative Liberal Parenting style: Permissive Not Permissive Why not simply compare the mean difference between liberals and conservatives on parenting style? We are really saying: Hr: The frequency (proportion) of liberals who are permissive is not the same as the frequency of conservatives who are permissive. The null (a hypothesis of no difference) says: Ho: The frequency (proportion) of liberals who are permissive is the same as the frequency of conservatives who are permissive. Chi-Square compares the observed frequencies (from the data in your sam