形容词和副词2.docVIP

考点一：形容词 形容词用以修饰名词表示人或事的特征，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 You must keep your eyes closed when you do eye exercise.(宾补) There are many colourful coral refs under the sea.(定语) Mother looked happy when she receive our presents.(表语) 形容词作定语时，一般要放在被修饰的名词前/不定代词或副词后。但enough 即可放在被修饰的名词前也可以放在被修饰的名词后。 The boy is old enough to go to school. He has something interesting to tell his mother. 基数词可与名词（用连字符相连）构成复合形容词，用作定语。这时名词总是单数，而且这个复合形容词总是放在被修饰的名词前，常表示时间、度量。a 5-year-old girl 有些形容词只能做表语，不能做定语。Afraid,,asleep,alive,awake,ill 有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如：friendly,lively,silly,lovely. 以-ing结尾的形容词经常修饰物，以-ed结尾的形容词经常修饰人。 The+形容词：表示一类人。 一些表示情感的词后接动词不定式(固定词组搭配) Be 常见的形容词的近义词归类 Large-big,glad-happy/please,clever-bright,cheap-expensive, broken-wore out,hard-difficult,fine-well,ill-sick,nice-good/fine,alone-lonely 常见的形容词的反义词归类 bad-good,big-small,large-small,black-white,busy-free,cold-hot,cool-warm,dead-living/alive, dry-wet,empty-full,fast-slow,high-low,little-much,open-close,same-different,safe-dangerous Easy-hard,happy-unhappy,early-late,new-old-young,wrong-right-left,long-short-tall,fat-thin-thick 形容词比较级的构成：原级，比较级，最高级 规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级er 最高级est 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般直接加er,或者est New,tall Newer,taller Newest, tallest 不发音的e结尾时加-r,-st Late,fine Later,finer Laterest finest 辅音字母加y结尾时，把y变i加-er,-est Easy, happy Easier,happier Easiest, happiest 重度闭音节并且只有一个辅音字母结尾时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加er,est Thin, Hot, big Thinner hotter bigger Thinnest Hottest biggest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more，most Popular, important More popular More important Most popular Most important 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 Good,well better best Many/much more most Bad/ill worse worst little less least far Farther Further Farthest furthest old Older elder Oldest eldest 形容词原级用法 说明人事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。 The picture on the wall are nice. 有表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。 The man is very tall. 表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或者不同时用形容词原级。 肯定句：A...+as/so+形容词原级+as B. I am not so fast as lucy. 否定结构：A...+not+as/so+形容词原级+as B. 表示A是B的几倍时，用“A。。。+倍数+as+形容词+as+B”的结构。（一次：once，两次：tw