oceanography2 lab x moreabout maps, charts,and navigation（oceanography2实验室x关于地图、图表和导航）.docVIP

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oceanography2 lab x moreabout maps, charts,and navigation（oceanography2实验室x关于地图、图表和导航）.doc

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Oceanography 2 More about Charts: Triangulation and Bathymetric Contour Lines There are two main objectives to this lab: Determine location at sea using triangulation. Recognize the shape of underwater features using contoured bathymetric maps. Part 1. Chart location by triangulation. The best way to determine location at sea is by determining the bearings to two or more known locations on land. The intersection of these bearings is the location of the observer. Obviously, this only works in clear conditions when land is visible. As discussed in lab 1, compass directions are given in degrees from 0( (true north) to 90( (east), to 180( (south), to 270(, to 360( (back to true north). Bearings can be thought of as imaginary lines of known orientation on the map. Any two bearings will intersect at a single, unique, point on the map, which is your location. Note that this is the very same way that satellite systems, such as GPS (Global Positioning System), work, except that signals use the satellites as the known positions rather than physical objects within the line of sight. Please note, all of these exercises require you to draw very light lines on the Monterey chart. Please erase these lines, and a few others, after you are done. Karma will reward you. Remember, pens are forbidden near the charts for the duration of this exercise. Example. Question: Plot a bearing of 63( towards the Moss Landing stacks and a bearing of 187( towards Pt Pinos. What is the latitude and longitude of your location? Answer: 1) Align one side of the parallel rulers on the compass rose through 63(. Put and edge of the other ruler on the Moss Landing stacks. Draw a very light line along the ruler that goes through the Moss Landing Stacks. Your location is somewhere along this line. 2) Align one side of the parallel rulers on the compass rose through 187(. Put an edge of the other ruler on Pt Pinos (use the letter “o” in “horn” as an exact location). Draw a very light line th