特殊词汇翻译要素.pptVIP

（二）、直译法。汉语成语并没有形象的比喻意义，其字面就是其实际意义。在不影响原义的前提下，尽量采用直译，从而传达出原文的形式、意义和精神。 劳苦功高 to have spent great labour and won distinctive merits 屡教不改 to fail to mend ones ways after repeated admonition 牢而不破 to be so strongly built as to be indestructible 攻其不备 to strike sb. when he is unprepared 史无前例 to be without precedent in history （三）、意译法。原成语的比喻形象是译文读者所不能接受的，可据该成语的实际意义灵活地翻译。 粗枝大叶 to be crude and careless 无孔不入 to take advantage of every weakness 扬眉吐气 to feel proud and elated 灯红酒绿 dissipated and l