【2017年整理】模块8第1单元语法突破-高考链接-你问我答.docVIP

模块8第1单元语法突破 名词性从句 (主语从句/宾语从句/表语从句) 山东 刘永科 顾名思义，名词性从句就是具有名词作用的从句。因为它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语，所以根据其语法作用又分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句四种。现在，根据本单元内容主要讲解前三种从句。 主语从句 概念：在句子中起主语作用的从句，叫做主语从句。 引导词：从属连词(that, whether, if)，疑问代词(who, whoever, whom, whomever, what, whatever, which)和疑问副词(when, where, how, why)。 【课文原句】However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. (P2) 【语法解析】that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago是句子的真实主语，叫做“主语从句”，it是形式主语。又如：It is known to all that global warming has been caused by human activities. 【注意事项】 1. that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，它本身无具体含义，在从句中不作任何成分，而且当它位于句首时不能省略。如： That he had said such rude words hurt her feelings. 注意：that引导从句作主语时，如果主语较长，为了平衡句子的结构，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句移到句子的后面。如课本： It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups. (P 3) 2. whether和if都可以引导主语从句，但if只能够引导不在句首的主语从句。如： Whether they will arrive on time remains a question. 也可用it作形式主语，把whether 或if引导的主语从句放在后面。如： It remains a question whether (if) they will arrive on time. 3. 由what, who, whose, which, when, where, why, how等连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句，这些词既有具体含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。如： What attracts more people to California is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle. (P 5) Who will be sent there hasn’t been decided yet. When we shall have our sports meet is unknown. 也可用it作形式主语。如: It is unknown when we shall have our sports meet. 4. it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的句型有以下四类： ① It + be +形容词+主语从句。如： It is certain that he will win the game. ② It + be +名词+主语从句。如： It’s a great honor that I have a chance to speak here. ③ It + be +过去分词+主语从句。如： It’s reported that China will send another spaceship into space soon. ④ It +不及物动词+主语从句。如： It happened that I had no money with me that day. It turned out that he went out with his son. It seems that Alice is not coming to the party. 宾语从句 概念：在句子中作动词(或介词)宾语的从句，叫做宾语从句。 重点：引导词、语序和时态一致。 【课文原句】Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed