ENERGY MARKET Wikispaces能源市场Wikispaces.pptxVIP

ENERGY MARKET AN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ILLUSTRATING THE MARKET CONDITIONS THAT CAN HELP OR HINDER RENEWABLES IN THE QUEST TO COMPETE WITH NON-RENEWABLES OBJECTIVES The student will understand the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. The student will observe that the relative price of renewables changes according to environmental regulations, renewables’ availability, economic infrastructure, and the price of fossil fuel and nuclear power. The student will be able to explain how these economic conditions affect the price of renewables. The student will understand why most utilities do not opt for renewables even though many have price parity with non-renewables. ECONOMIC CONCEPTS Market Determinants Competition Barriers to Entry Externalities Economies of Scale TERMS Non-Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Solar Thermal Photovoltaic Hydropower Biomass Geothermal NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY Energy sources that are limited and can eventually run out. These cannot be replaced on a time span of human significance. OIL COAL NATURAL GAS NUCLEAR RENEWABLE ENERGY WIND BLOWS ON A TURBINE POWERING AN ELECTRICITY GENERATOR. THIS IS A CHEAP ENERGY SOURCE THAT PRODUCES NO POLLUTANTS. WIND FARMS REQUIRE LOTS OF LAND AND AMPLE WINDY DAYS. Shilo Wind Power Plant in Solano County, California WIND POWER IN A HYDROELECTRIC DAM, FALLING WATER TURNS A TURBINE, CREATING ELECTRICITY. BUILDING LARGE NEW DAMS AND FLOODING EXTENSIVE AREAS CAUSES SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISRUPTION. A hydroelectric facility in China HYDROPOWER IS ENERGY FROM MOVING WATER GEOTHERMAL Heat energy stored underground in the earth’s crust, in water, rock, or magma. Geothermal energy from water reservoirs is cheap, although there are limited areas where it can be tapped. The Pohutu Geyser in New Zealand erupts with a natural blast of the Earths interior heat. SOLAR THERMAL Mirrors concentrate sunlight on a liquid heating it into steam. This steam turns a generator. Solar thermal energy is not