Environmental Impacts of Transportation交通环境影响.pptxVIP

Environmental Impacts of Transportation Spring 2015 Dr. Michael Rodgers, Deputy Director National Center for Transportation Systems Productivity and Management School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Environmental Impacts Impacts in all elements of transportation Vehicle Cycle Fuel Cycle Infrastructure Cycle Both direct and indirect impacts Direct Directly associated with construction or usage of transportation Indirect Impacts on the operation or structure of other natural and built systems Fuel and Vehicle Cycles Argonne National Laboratory GREET Model Direct Impacts Atmosphere Emissions of toxics and criteria pollutants Hydrosphere Drainage and Flooding Runoff Geosphere Consumptive land use Erosion Biosphere Wildlife impacts Exotic and invasive species Indirect Impacts Atmosphere Emissions of Radiatively Important Trace Substances (RITS)… Climatic Impacts Weather modification Hydrosphere Oceanic Pollution Geosphere Impacts on Geomorphology Biosphere Habitat Impacts Clearing and mowing Impacts on Drainage Reduction of overland flow relative to channelized flow Impacts of damming due to raised roadbeds Increase in impervious surface associated with transportation infrastructure Commons.wikipedia Florida DOT Zebra Mussels Dreissena polymorpha Native to Russia Introduced through ballast water in the early 1980’s Can colonize virtually any substrate R. Peplowski,?Detroit Edison N Zebra Mussel Distribution Urban Heat Island The built environment typically has lower albedo than vegetated surfaces Transportation infrastructure and rooftops are the most important contributors H Atlanta Heat Island Atlanta Heat Island Atlanta Heat Island Atlanta Heat Island Atlanta Downtown Thermal Image N Common Pollutants Ozone (NAAQS and NSPS) VOC Nitrogen Oxides Sulfur Dioxide Carbon Monoxide Particulate Matter Total Suspended Particulates PM10 PM2.5 Nitrogen Dioxide Lead HAPS (NESHAP) Types of Pollutants Primary Pollutants Emitted into the Atm