英语代词用法精要.docVIP

英语代词用法精要 西安市航空六一八中学 倪肖丁 英语代词“短小精干”，使用频率极高，掌握英语代词的用法对英语阅读、写作和测试都有重要意义。 一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 这三种代词中人称代词是基础性代词，物主代词和反身代词是人称代词的衍生词类，因此三者具有一定共性。下表列出这三类代词的基本形式： 人称 单复数 主 格 宾 格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一 人称 单 数 I me my mine myself 复 数 we us our ours ourselves 第二 人称 单 数 you you your yours yourself 复 数 you you your yours yourselves 第三 人称 单 数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its itself 复 数 they them their theirs themselves mobile phone to me? Tom and Bill are brothers. They are both kind, so I like them very much. 作表语时，在日常口语中常用宾格。如：”Who said that?” – “I think it was him.” 在实际使用中尤其在各类考试中还要注意以下要点： 1）在口语中，作表语一般用宾格。例如： “Who’s there?” --- “It’s me”. “Who said that?”---“I think it was him. ” 在It is…that…强调结构中，如果被强调的代词是主语，用主格和宾格都可能，但在口语中通常用宾格。如：Why is it always I/ me who has to do the dirty work?；如果强调宾语，则用宾格。例如：It is him that I saw in the dark。 2) 在无谓语动词的口语问答短句中，也用宾格形式。如： “Who’s there?” “Me.” “Who did it?” “Not me!” What！ Me (to) play him at chess? No! 3）在as和than后的代词主格和宾格都可能。例如She’s not as experienced as I/me. 前者比较正式，后者口语化。但后接动词时须用主格。例如：She is younger than I am. 4）It通常用于指无生命的事物、动物或性别未明的婴儿和身份不明的人；还可以用于指天气、时间、距离等。从句子结构上看，it可以作形式主语或形式宾语，代替一个句子、动词不定式或动名词短语。例如： I caught the ball and threw it back. It was just seven o’clock. He heard the baby crying and brought it some milk We find it difficult to change the schedule now. It is said/believed that he died of a broken heart. 2. 物主代词 1) 形容词性物主代词作定语来修饰或限定名词。例如： Tom expressed his idea at the meeting, but Mary said she wouldn’t change her mind. 形容词性物主代词与被修饰的名词之间可以有形容词。例如：Youre my best friend，但不能有冠词、指示代词以及some, any, no, each, either, neither, enough, much, what(ever), which(ever), whose等限定词。 2) 名词性物主代词可以用作主语、宾语和表语。如： My car is old, but yours is older. Our proposal differs from theirs in one important aspect. The book is mine. 这类物主代词还可以用在介词of后构成双重属格。例如 That new car of yours is beaut! A colleague of mine will be speaking at the conference. 3. 反身代词