-英语的时态和语态.doc

被动语态 一、含义与构成 动词的语态有两种即主动和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者而被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。 构成：被动语态的谓语为be + 过去分词（be有时可用become 或get等代替） Be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的变化而变化。 被动语态的各种时态形式有： 一般时态：be + 过去分词 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 is/ am/ are done was/ were done will/ shall be done would/ should be done English is spoken in many countries. Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare. Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace. 进行时态：be + being + 过去分词 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 is/ am/ are being done was/ were being done will/ shall be being done would/ should be being done His plan is being carried out successfully. The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up. The car will be being cleaned by my brother. 完成时态：have + been + 过去分词 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 have/ has been done had been done will/ shall have been done would/ should have been done I’ve been robbed. The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted. Everything will have been done by the end of this month. 【练一练】 (10 湖南) This coastal area _________ a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names (2010 全国1) The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ____. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made (2010 上海) The church tower which _________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored (10 北京) In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _________. A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped (10 陕西) It is reported that many a new house _________ at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built (10 福建) Every year a flood