Noncommunicable diseases非传染性疾病. A global overview.pptVIP

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Noncommunicable diseases非传染性疾病. A global overview.ppt

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Noncommunicable diseases非传染性疾病. A global overview

Different for stroke * UDV3:[VEP.PSC.FIGURES.TCHOL.240907]stroke-by-agecause-trend.ctrl: 24-SEP-2007 14:47:18.56 Usual total cholesterol (mmol/L) 4·0 5·0 6·0 7·0 8·0 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 80-89 70-79 60-69 40-59 Age Hazard ratio ( 95% CI) Stroke mortality (11 663 deaths) and total cholesterol by age * Smoking * % of deaths aged 35-69 years attributable to smoking in 2000 Men Women Belarus 33% 0% Russia 33% 3% Ukraine 32% 3% Central Asia (8) 23% 4% Estonia 31% 3% Latvia 30% 2% Lithuania 29% 0% United Kingdom 25% 21% Germany 29% 11% Source : / * Risk of myocardial infarction increases with every single cigarette smoked per day Number of cigarettes smoked per day Odds Ratio of Myocardial Infarction Never 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 17-18 19-20 =21 Source : K. K. Teo et al Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study Lancet 368 (9536):647-658, 2006. INTERHEART study 52 countries 12 461 cases, 14 637 controls * Smoking causes more deaths from cardiovascular disease than cancer Deaths attributed to smoking among men (all ages) in Russia, 2000 All cancers = 77,000 Cardiovascular disease = 148,000 Source : / * Things are getting worse not better * Smoking in men in Russia is not declining Rural Urban St Petersburgh/Moscow Source : Perlman et al Tob.Control 16 (5):299-305, 2007 Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey * Smoking in women in Russia is increasing Rural Urban St Petersburgh/Moscow Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey Source : Perlman et al Tob.Control 16 (5):299-305, 2007 Giving up smoking reduces risk * * Some non-communicable diseases have infectious etiology * Trends in stomach cancer mortality * Source : WHO HFA database Age standardised mortality per 100,000 * Helicobacter pylori bacterium - a causal factor for stomach cancer * Marshal