PowerPoint Presentation MATERIALS HANDLINGPowerPoint演示文稿材料处理.pptVIP

Short Term or acute effects: Sharp Surfaces Dropped Material Struck-by Moving Materials Mechanical Stress Slips and Falls “Simpler” Cause and effect relationship ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM :: THE BACK MATERIAL HANDLING The Back and Material Handling Issues Cervical Thoracic Lumbar The Spinal Column The Basic Structure Epidemiology of Back Injuries Chronic or Long Term Effects Back Ache or Pain Disc Degeneration Cause and effect not as simple, more difficult to analyze Epidemiology Out more than 6 months only 50% chance of returning One year only 25% Management and Practitioner Training One study showed that claims dropped from 200K to 20K per year by providing modified work and conservative treat Return to Work Material Handling Lifting/Lowering Pushing/Pulling Carrying Weights and Forces Frequency of Activities Load Center of Gravity Material Handling Job Risk Factors Weight of the Object Location (position of load w.r.t. worker) Frequency of Lifts Stability of the Load Hand Coupling Workplace Geometry Twisting/Stooping Environmental Factors Personal Risk Factors Gender Age Anthropometry Lift technique Attitude Strength Training Avoid extreme range of motion when lifting Redesign work station/work area to allow freedom of movement Provide handles on material handling equipment Provide lift-assist devices and tables Unit Load Concept Examples of Manual Handling Controls Job Design Can reduce one-third of compensable LBP Minimize reach and lift distances Keep off floor Work station design Frequency Relax time standard Rotation Work-Rest allowances Job Design Minimize Weight Mechanical aids Carton capacity Balance contents Convert Carry to push/pull Push over pull Use large wheels Training Focus on awareness and avoidance Get object as close to body as possible Planning Use of handling aids Back Schools Strength and fitness important NIOSH Lifting Equation1991 Version Objective: Reduce occurrence of lifting-related LBP 1981 and 199