PowerPoint Presentation Subsidence and local PowerPoint演示文稿沉降和局部.pptVIP

Landslides Landslide and avalanche hazards Thousands of people killed annually world-wide Annual property damage ~$1.5 billion in USA, probably tens of billions world-wide Small to medium-sized events responsible for most of the property damage Examples of landslide disasters Examples of landslide disasters Canada: landslide fatalities by province (1840 - present) Canada: fatalities by source (1840 - present) Falls, slides, slumps and flows Rockfall hazards in montane areas Wadi Al-Ayn, Hadramawt Valley, Yemen Sacred Falls Park, Oahu1999 Rockfall8 deaths, many injuries Rockfall, Camp Curry,Yosemite N.P., 1999(1 death) Camp Curry, Yosemite N.P.Release areas rockfall zones Rockfalls: BC The Barrier : source of Rubble Creekrock avalanche Slumps, slides, etc.factors reducing slope strength Earthquake-induced landslides This shallow debris slide near Tacoma (WA) was initiated by the Olympia earthquake of 1949. The failure occurred several days after the earthquake. The landslide generated a small tsunami in the Narrows. Location of slides in southern Puget Sound, December 24-26, 1996 Debris slides in unconsolidated glacial and fluvio-glacial deposits,Puget Sound(Dec 1996)Triggered by record rainfalls in one week Surficial geology:Seattle area Characteristic of massive fine-textured deposits Escarpments and landslide risk areas in the GVRD La Conchitaearthflow,California Flowslides= rapid earthflows(e.g. in leda clays) Québec, Norway Landslides in glaciomarine clays of the Champlain Sea Extent of the Champlain Sea (black dots = whale fossils in GM deposits) FlowslideSt.-Jean-Vianney, Qué., 1971(31 deaths, 40 houses destroyed) Aerial photo of flowslide, Nicolet, Québec (1955)The church (circled) was later demolished Debris flows, Typhoon Durian, Philippines (Dec. 2006) Hurricane Stan (and other storms) dumped upwards of 500 mm of rain in southern Mexico - El Salvador in a 6-day period in October 2005. Debris flows and mudslides occurre