Prosthetic Technology University of Rhode Island罗德岛大学修复技术.pptVIP

Gemma Downey What Is It? Prosthetic Technology is used when people have lost limbs, and can regain the use by means of these artificial limbs Vocabulary To Know Measurand – physical quantity that a system measures. The accessibility is important because it could be internal, external, etc. In this case, its an external because its an electric pulse on the end of a limb. The book calls this “electrocardiogram potential.” Sensor – a sensor converts a physical measurand to an electric output. It responds to only the form of energy present in the measurand and it ignores all other kinds to prevent interference. John, Webster G. Medical Instrumentation. Danvers, MA: John Wiley and Sons, 1997. New technology Existing prosthetic arms are so clunky that many amputees do not even bother with them. By flexing a back muscle, cables and pulleys bend the arm. Flexing the bicep can close the hand. Motions are slow and limited (usually only 3 motions) However: In contrast, the new prosthetic arm, is electrically operated and has as many as 10 motions. The problem has been controlling the motions. So How Can Engineers Fix This? Nerves from the arm are attached to chest muscles, whose movements amplify the nerve signal. The patient can control prosthetics with only their thoughts. Sensors placed over the new locations on the chest pick up impulses from the brain and transmit them to the prosthetic arms, a process called ‘targeted muscle reinnervation’ Likewise… Cricket Car! Using stainless steel insect pins as electrodes, the cricket is attached to the circuit by using a socket. One electrode in each hind leg is used to get the signals. /~diceccoj/cricket_car_NEBC.pdf What Differences Has This Made? Aside from facilitation of these limbs, and addition of motions, the new technology has improved response time and reflexes: Flexing or rotating the wrist took about 0.22 second for the amputees vs. 0.16 second for the controls. Completing a task took 1.29 se