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River Tees – North East England paigntononline–Tees河东北英格兰paigntononline.pptx

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River Tees – North East England paigntononline–Tees河东北英格兰paigntononline

Case Studies – Population and Settlement Youthful Population - Gambia Background Info: Gambia is the smallest African country. There has been a taboo on contraceptives = birth rate is high, with each women on average having 7 children. Many children die before they become adults. Birth rate is 40 per 1000 and for every 1000 children born 11 mothers die in child birth. Life expectancy – women is 57, men is 53. Positives of Youthful Population: Provides a steady supply of workers and encourage economies to grow Growing market for manufacturing goods Children are a valuable source of income as well as provide support for family and younger siblings Negatives of Youthful Population: Strain on education system = Illiterate population Pressure on health services- lack of hospitals, high number of patients to each doctor, lack of medicines = reduces ability to fight curable diseases Food supplies limited = famine Lack of housing = slum dwellings spring up which have no running water, sewage systems or proper shelter = spread of diseases and increase in crime. Lack of jobs available Responses to the problems: Contraception – educate people on importance of contraception and increase access. E.g. ‘Futures’ campaign, subsidised by the World Health Organisation. Improvements to health services – free vaccination funding from Canada to reduce IMR, as well as improvements to maternity care. Managing resources – Farming schemes to help improve access to food, as well as sewage systems to reduce the spread of diseases such as Cholera (pollution to drinking water) Education – improvements to education system to allow more children to attend school and get basic education Overpopulation- Kibera, Nairobi Causes and impacts: Nairobi is the capital and largest city in Kenya – rapid growth= overcrowding. 45% of the population live in shanty towns Kibera is the largest slum in Nairobi with 250,000 residents living in improper housing. No planning with no roads and Inadequate sewa