Using Cellular Automata and Influence Maps in Games利用元胞自动机及其在游戏中的影响.pptVIP

Using Cellular Automata and Influence Maps in Games Penny Sweetser The University of Queensland Overview Cellular Automata Influence Maps Grid-Based Techniques Decision making, environmental modelling Spread information in different ways Simple and powerful, separately or together Design, implementation, application to games Cells Divide game world into cells Each cell a database containing info about: combat strength, vulnerable assets, area visibility, body count, resources, weather, passability Cell size – accuracy / efficiency 10-20 standard units side by side Influence Maps1 Strategic assessment / decision-making Usually strategy games Spatial representation of AI’s knowledge about the game world Strategic perspective of game state layered over geographical Influence Maps Influence map indicates: where the AI’s forces are deployed where the enemy is / most likely to be where the “frontier” between players lies what areas are yet to be explored where significant battles have occurred where enemies are most likely to attack in the future Influence Maps IM’s structure makes it possible to make intelligent inferences about: areas of high strategic control weak spots in an opponent’s defences prime “camping” locations strategically vulnerable areas choke points on the terrain other meaningful features that human players would choose through intuition or practice Influence Maps IM tracks variables separately for each player (multiple parallel IM’s) Each AI keeps one IM for itself and one for every other player Could keep one IM and let all AI’s access it (but this is cheating) Influence Propagation Once initial values given to cells, needs to be propagated More accurate strategic perspective – current influence / potential influence Spread influence with “falloff” rule Selection of falloff rules is subjective, requires tweaking and tuning Exponential falloff – choose a constant 0..1 Need to terminate falloff (never reaches 0) Falloff should be proportional