我国煤炭资源开采与转运的生态环境问题及对策.pdfVIP

环 境 科 学 研 究 第 17卷 第 6期 Research of Environmental Sciences V01．17，No．6。2004 我国煤炭资源开采与转运的生态环境问题及对策 张 彪 ，李岱青 ，高吉喜 ，吴 越 (1．中国环境科学研究院，北京 100012；2．国家环境保护总局，北京 100035) 摘要：我国煤炭生产地与消费地呈逆向分布，形成北煤南运、西煤东运的全国煤炭输送总体格局。但是由于国家长期实行无偿调拨和煤炭低价政 策，煤炭生产地区在当地生态环境遭受严重破坏的同时，经济发展水平却并没有得到快速增长，因此难以承担生态环境恢复的重任。煤炭开采所带 来的生态环境问题应作为“区域性”问题，其生态恢复费用应由产地和消费地共同承担。所以，制定合理的自然资源价格政策和区域生态补偿政策是 改善这些地区生态环境的重要途径。 关键词：逆向分布；煤价；生态补偿 中国分类号：TD8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001—6929(2004)06—0035—04 The Eco．Environment Problems and Countermeasures to be Taken for Coal Development and Transfer in China ZHANG Biao’ LI Dai-qing’ GAO Ji．xi’，WU Yue。 ， ， (1．Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences，Beijing 100012，China； 2．State Environmental Protection Administration of China，Beijing 100035，China) Abstract：In China，the production and consumption of coal are distributed in the contrary；the coal is located in the north and west，but consumed mainly in the south and east．Due to national executive assignment policy and low price policy of coal，the eco—environment of the coal produce areas is destroyed seriously，but their poverty is not improved accordingly．It is difficult for them to restore the eco—environment independently．Therefore， the eco—environmental problem of coal produce areas should be treated as the“regional”problem，the ecosystem restoration expenses should be paid by both the production areas and consumption areas．To establish reasonable nature resources price policy and compensation policy for coal develop— ment is an important way to improve local eco—environment． Key words：contrary distribution；coal price；ecological compensation 我国东中西部地区具有相互依存的生态环境演变 区域性问题而不是点的问题才能得到有