java程序设计教案（美国）jhtp5_08.pptVIP

Chapter 8 – Object-Based Programming 8.1 Introduction Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Encapsulates data (attributes) and methods (behaviors) Objects Allows objects to communicate Well-defined interfaces 8.1 Introduction (cont.) Procedural programming language C is an example Action-oriented Functions are units of programming Object-oriented programming language Java is an example Object-oriented Classes are units of programming Functions, or methods, are encapsulated in classes 8.1 Introduction (cont.) This chapter discusses How to create objects How to use objects 8.2 Implementing a Time Abstract Data Type with a Class We introduce classes Time1 and TimeTest Time1.java declares class Time1 TimeTest.java declares class TimeTest public classes must be declared in separate files Class Time1 will not execute by itself Does not have method main TimeTest, which has method main, creates (instantiates) and uses Time1 object Time1.javaLine 5Time1 (subclass) extends superclass java.lang.Object Lines 6-8private variables Lines 12-15Time1 constructor  then invokes method setTimeLine 19 public methods Lines 19-24Method setTime sets private variables according to arguments 1 // Fig. 8.1: Time1.java 2 // Time1 class declaration maintains the time in 24-hour format. 3 import java.text.DecimalFormat; 4 5 public class Time1 extends Object { 6 private int hour; // 0 - 23 7 private int minute; // 0 - 59 8 private int second; // 0 - 59 9 10 // Time1 constructor initializes each instance variable to zero; 11 // ensures that each Time1 object starts in a consistent state 12 public Time1() 13 { 14 setTime( 0, 0, 0 ); 15 } 16 17 // set a new tim