TV no longer commands our full attention Effects of second-screen viewing and task relevance on cognitive load and learning from news.pdfVIP

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TV no longer commands our full attention Effects of second-screen viewing and task relevance on cognitive load and learning from news.pdf

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TV no longer commands our full attention Effects of second-screen viewing and task relevance on cognitive load and learning from news.pdf

Computers in Human Behavior 38 (2014) 100–109 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Computers in Human Behavior journal homepage: /locate/comphumbeh ‘‘TV no longer commands our full attention’’: Effects of second-screen viewing and task relevance on cognitive load and learning from news Anna Van Cauwenberge a,?, Gabi Schaap b, Rob van Roy a a Institute for Media Studies, University of Leuven, Parkstraat 45, Box 3603, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium b Department of Communication, Radboud University Nijmegen, Thomas van Aquinostraat 2, 6500HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands article info Article history: Available online 18 June 2014 Keywords: Media multitasking Cognitive load Limited capacity News learning Second-screen viewing Computer mediated communication abstract Second-screen viewing—the use of smartphones, tablets, and laptops while watching television—has increased dramatically in the last few years. Using multiple resource theory and threaded cognition theory, this study investigated the effects of second-screen viewing on cognitive load, factual recall and comprehension of news. Second, we examined the effects of relevant (i.e., looking up information related to the news story) and irrelevant (i.e., looking up information unrelated to the story) second-screen viewing on learning from news. Results from an experiment (N = 85) showed that second-screen viewing led to lower factual recall and comprehension of news content than single-screen viewing. These effects were mediated by cognitive load: second-screen viewing led to a higher cognitive load than single-screen viewing, with higher cognitive load, in turn, leading towards lower factual recall and comprehension of news content. Contrary to our expectations, we found no statistically signi?cant differences between effects of relevant and irrelevant second-screen viewing. ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Second-screen viewing—the use of smartphones, tablets, and laptops while watching television