定语从句学习难点例析.docVIP

定语从句学习难点例析 宜城一中英语组 陈春香 一、如何选用关系代词/关系副词？ ? ???1. The city?that/ which?lies in the center of Hubei Province has a large population.(作主语，指物) The city (that/ which?)you described to me yesterday has a large population. (作宾语，可省略，指物) ??? The city?where/in which?I was brought up has a large population. (作地点状语) The city?whose?population is the largest in China lies in the east. (作定语，指某物的…) 2. I’ve forgotten the exact day?when/ on which?he gave me the film copy. (作时间状语) ? ?I’ve forgotten the exact day(?that/ which)?he fixed for me to have the operation. (作宾语，可省略，指物） 3. The reason(?that/ which)?he gave us was hard to accept. (作宾语，可省略，指物）? ? ?The reason?why?he was late for school is that he missed the early bus. (作原因状语) 选用关系代词还是关系副词，不仅仅要看先行词表示什么意义，更重要的是一定要看先行词在后面的定语从句中充当什么成份。若作主语、宾语、表语就用关系代词（that, which, who, whom ,whose, as)。若作时间、地点、原因状语就用关系副词(when, where, why)。 二、关系代词that引导定语从句时的“六用，三不用”原则 1.?六用原则 （1）先行词为everything, anything, nothing, something, all, few, little, much等或先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much修饰时。 All that can be done has been done. You can take any book that you like. （2）先行词为形容词最高级或先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best book that I have ever read. （3）先行词为序数词或先行词被序数词修饰时。 This is the first time that I have heard of it. The last place that we visited was the Great Wall. （4）先行词被the only, the very, the right等修饰时。 This is the very watch that I lost the other day. 注意:以上（2）（3）（4）若先行词指人，也可用who, whom,但常用that. ?You are the only person that/ who can help me. （5）先行词包括人和物两者时。 They talked about the persons and the things that they remembered in the school. （6）当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? 2.?三不用原则 （1）先行词是-one或-body构成的复合不定代词时，不能用that,而用who或whom. Is there anybody else who should be invited? （2）关系代词前有介词时，不能用that,?而用which或whom. Here is the car about which I told you. Who is the man with whom you just shook hands? （3）在非限制性定语从句中，不能用that. I have lost my pen, which I like very m