高三英语复习资料(句子成分基本句型).doc

高三英语复习资料 （08/2013） —— 英语句子种类、句子成分及简单句基本句型 一、句子种类 1．按句子的用途可分四种 1)陈述句(肯定、否定) He is six years old. / She didnt hear of you before. 2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意) Do they like skating? / How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? / Mary can swim, cant she? 3)祈使句Be careful, boys. / Dont talk in class. 4)感叹句How clever the boy is! / What an interesting book it is! 2．按句子的结构可分三种 He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2)并列句复合句：由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(；)，把两个或两个以上的简单句在 一起构成 You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous (曲折的)． The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 二、简单句的五种基本句型 1. 主语++表语： He is a student. 2主语+： We work. 3主语++宾语： Henry bought a dictionary. 4主语++双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）： My father bought me a car. 5主语++复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：Tom made the baby laugh. 1. 定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分 2. 主要成分及次要成分： 主要：主语（subject）（predicate） （predicative）（object）（attribute）(adverbial) 和补语（complement）Examples: 1. We often speak English in class. (主语) 2. He practices running every morning. (谓语) 3. The weather has turned cold.（） They went to see an exhibition yesterday. / We are listening to the music. （）Guilin is a beautiful city.（） Light travels most quickly.（）They painted their boat white.（）、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 1．We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3．There is a chair in this room.4．My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. 5．He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 6．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 7．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 8．What he said at the meeting is very important. 9．The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 10．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分： 1. Whether we’ll go depend on the weather. 2. Peo