英国文学期末复习提纲.docVIP

英国文学提纲 一、5个术语 上册3个 1.Alliteration 头韵 Alliteration is the repetition of the same sound or sounds at the beginning of tow or more words that are next to or close to each other. Of man was the mildest and most beloved, ?To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 2.Allegory 寓言体 An allegory is a story or description in which the characters and events symbolize some deeper underlying meaning and serve to spread moral teaching.Rrepresentative works are Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene, John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress. 3.Heroic Couplet 英雄双韵体 Two successive rhyming lines of iambic pentameter五步抑扬格. The second line is usually end-stopped. It was common practice to string long sequences长序列 of heroic couplets together in a pattern of aa, bb, cc, dd, ee, ff (and so on). Example: But when to mischief mortals bend their will , How soon they find fit instruments of ill ! (Pope: The Rape of the Lock, III,125-126) 4.Humanism 人文主义　　　 Humanism is a movement of philosophy and ethics that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers individual thought and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over established doctrine or faith (fideism). Humanism was the keynote of the Renaissance. People ceased to look upon themselves as living only for God and a future world. They began to admire human beauty and human achievement. Man is no longer the slave of the external world. He can mould the world according to his desires, and attain happiness by removing all external checks. 5.Sonnet 十四行诗 A sonnet is a lyric invariably of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme. There are three types： (1) The Petrarchan or Italian sonnet is divided into an octave which rhymes abba abba, and a sestet usually rhymes cde cde, or cdc dcd. The sestet usually replies to the argument of the octave. (2) Spenserian sonnet is a nine-line stanza of iambics rhymed abab bcbc cdc dee. T