2016届高中英语 Book 4 Unit2 重点单词精讲 新人教版必修4.docVIP

Book 4 Unit 2重点单词精讲 1. struggle vi. ＆ n. (1) vi. 斗争，奋斗，搏斗，挣扎 The old man has been struggling with illness. 这位老人一直在与病魔斗争。 This is the cause for which we have been struggling. 这就是我们一直为之奋斗的事业。 I struggled and screamed for help. 我挣扎着，高声呼救。 (2) n. 奋斗，搏斗；[C]费力的事 There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene. 在凶杀现场没有搏斗的痕迹。 Foreign languages were always a struggle for him. 外语对他来说一直是件费力事儿。 【拓展】 struggle for 为争取……而斗争；struggle against 为反对……而斗争；struggle with与……搏斗 / 斗争；struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 【联想】 fight for 为争取……而战；fight against为反对……而战；fight with 与……交战 / 打架 2. expand vi. ＆ vt. (1) vi. 膨胀，扩大rZIHH Metals expand when they are heated. 金属遇热则膨胀。 (2) vt. 拓展，发展(业务)，伸展，张开 He is thinking of expanding his business. 他正考虑扩展他的生意。 The hawk expanded its wings and soared into the sky. 老鹰展开双翅飞向高空。 【拓展】 expansion n. 扩张，扩展，膨胀 3. regret vt. ＆ n. (1) vt. 遗憾，后悔，惋惜 Do as I tell you, or you’ll regret it later. 照我的话去做，否则你以后会后悔的。 She regretted spending so much money. 她后悔花了这么多钱。 I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我遗憾地告诉你你考试不及格。 (2) n. 遗憾，懊悔 She felt neither shame nor regret. 她既不感到羞愧也不感到遗憾。 【辨析】 regret doing / regret to do regret doing 表示对做过的事情感到后悔；regret to do表示对于即将要做的事情表示遗憾，常用于regret to say / tell / inform结构中，表示说话的委婉语气。 【联想】后面既可以接动名词又可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义不同的短语： try doing 尝试着做某事；try to do企图做某事 mean doing 意味着；mean to do 意欲做…… stop doing 停止做某事；stop to do 停下来去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过的事；forget to do 忘记要去做的事 remember doing 记得做过的事；remember to do记得要去做的事 【拓展】 regretful adj. 令人惋惜的，遗憾的；(much) to one’s regret 令某人(非常) 遗憾 / 后悔的是 4. focus n. ＆ vt. (1) n. 焦点，中心点，(镜头的) 焦点 / 焦距 She always wants to be the focus of attention. 她总想成为关注的焦点。 The binoculars are not in focus. 这幅双筒望远镜的焦距不对。 (2) vt. 调节焦距，集中(注意力)于 One must focus the camera before taking a picture. 拍照之前先要对焦距。 Focus on one problem at a time. 一次关注一个问题。 【拓展】 in focus 焦点对准，清晰；out of focus 焦点对不准，模糊不清；focus the camera on把摄像头对准…… 5. reduce vt. 减少，削减，减轻 【同义词】 decrease 【反义词】 increase They have to reduce expenses this year. 他们今年必须削减开支。 She was trying reducing