2015-2016高一英语自学导案定从.doc

定语从句 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 先行词是物用which，that 先行词是人用 who，that ★关系代词在从句中的作用： 主语、宾语、表语 e.g. They had a radio. / It could send out messages. They had a radio which/ that could send out message. (主语) 注意点： 1.） 定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面： e.g. The man who lives next door sells vegetables. 2．）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略： e.g. The young man ( who ) you saw was our manager. 3.) 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时， 关系代词只能用which 或 whom e.g. The man is a famous runner. / You talked to him just now. The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前： e.g. He is the student. / The teachers are looking for him. He is the student who the teachers are looking for. whose 的用法： 关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。 e.g. The girl is my daughter. / Her work got the first prize. The girl whose work got the first prize is my daughter. 注意点： 在定语从句中，whose作定语，　其先行项既可以是人，又可以是物 Lei Feng was a great communist fighter whose death was weightier than Mount Tai. Where’s the window whose glass is broken? ★关系副词的一般用法 关系副词有when, where, why，在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。when的先行词通常是time, day, season, age, occasion等时间名词；where的先行词通常是place, city, village, house, case, situation, scenes等地点或情形名词；why的先行词只能是reason。关系副词when和where有时可用“介词＋which”代替，why可用for which代替。如： There are occasions when (=on which) you have to tell lies. ② Beijing is the place where (=in which) I was born.　 Is this the reason why (=for which) he refused our offer?　注意：先行词虽然是时间或地点，但若在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词。 (1)The factory where his father worked has closed. (作状语) 比较：The factory which/that was built in 1978 has closed. (作主语) (2) I’ll never forget the days when we lived together. (作状语) 比较：I’ll never forget the days (that) we spent in Australia. (作及物动词spent的宾语) (3) The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. (作状语，用关系副词) 比较：The reason (that) he gave for his absence was obviously .(作gave的宾语)e.g. The book is written by Guo Jinming, who is only 19 years old.