Chapter 2 Multimedia Authoring and Tools.ppt

* – Automatic Authoring Hypermedia documents: Generally, three steps: Capture of media（媒体捕捉）: From text or using an audio digitizer or video frame-grabber; is highly developed and well automated. Authoring（编著）: How best to structure the data in order to support multiple views of the available data, rather than a single, static view. Publication（发布）: i.e. Presentation, is the objective of the multimedia tools we have been considering. * – Automatic Authoring Externalization versus linearization(外表化和线性化): Fig. 2.12(a) shows the essential problem involved in communicating ideas without using a hyper-media mechanism. In contrast, hyperlinks allow us the freedom to partially mimic the author’s thought process (i.e., externalization). Using, e.g., Microsoft Word, creates a hypertext version of a document by following the layout already set up in chapters, headings, and so on. But problems arise when we actually need to automatically extract semantic content and ?nd links and anchors (even considering just text and not images etc.) Fig. 2.13 displays the problem. * – Automatic Authoring Fig. 2.12: Communication using hyperlinks [from David Lowe]. (a) (b) * – Automatic Authoring Fig. 2.13: Complex information space [from David Lowe]. Once a dataset becomes large we should employ database methods. The issues become focused on scalability (to a large dataset), maintainability, addition of material, and reusability. * Semi-automatic migration of hypertext The structure of hyperlinks for text information is simple: “nodes” represent semantic information and these are anchors for links to other pages. Fig. 2.14: Nodes and anchors in hypertext [from David Lowe]. * Hyperimages We need an automated method to help us produce true hypermedia: Fig. 2.15: Structure of hypermedia [from David Lowe]. * Hyperimages Can manually delineate syntactic image elements by masking image areas. Fig. 2.16 shows a “hyperimage”, with image areas identi?ed and automatically linked t