蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取方法的研究 毕业设计 .doc

摘 要 Abstract As the fungus substance，the cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris has a high medical and nutritional value, especially its polysaccharide has been widely used. It has a high application value and development potential. The experiment regards the cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris as the research material，the extraction rate of polysaccharides as indicators . To investigate the method applied in the extraction of polysaccharides in Cordyceps militaris mycelia．Water-extraction method，ultrasonic wave extraction and microwave extraction method were applied in the extraction of polysaccharides． The content of polysaccharides in mycelia was determined by phenol-vitriol method．The experiment result shows that the coarse polysaccharides extractive rate of water-extraction method was the best in Cordyceps militaris mycelia，followed by ultrasonic wave extraction and microwave extraction method. Orthogonal design was be used to assess the process conditions which influencing the extraction and separation ,and final optimized conditions for extracting exopolysaccharide was established, extracted 3 hours on 80℃，extraction 3 times and liquid to solid ration 10:1. Keywords: cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris；polysaccharide； purification；Orthogonal design method 目录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 前 言 1 第二章 文献综述 2 2.1 蛹虫草菌丝体 2 2.1.1 概述 2 2.1.2 成分 3 2.2 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖 5 2.2.1蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的结构 6 2.2.2蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的特点 6 2.2.3 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的功效 7 2.2.4 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的应用 9 2.3 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取方法 9 2.3.1一般提取法 9 2.3.2 超声波提取法 10 2.3.3 微波提取法 10 2.3.4 热回流提取法 11 2.3.5 分级沉淀法 11 2.3.6 超滤膜分离法 11 2.3.7 色谱法 12 2.3.8 季铵盐络合法 12 2.3.9 酸碱提取法 12 2.4 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的测定方法 13 2.4.1 气相色谱法 13 2.4.2 高效液相色谱法 13 2.4.3 苯酚-硫酸法 13 2.4.4 离子色谱法 13 2.4.5 蒽酮比色法 13 2.5 国内外研究的现状 14 2.6 本论文的研究内容及研究意义 14 第三章 试验部分 16 3.1 材料与设备 16 3.1.1 原材料 16 3.1.2 主要仪器 16 3.1.3 主要试剂 16 3.2 试验方法 17 3.2.1蛹虫草菌丝体的培养 17 3.2.2蛹虫草菌丝体的预处理 17 3.2.3蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的提取工艺 18 3.2.4蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取方法的比较 19 3.2.5蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取工艺的优化（热水浸提法） 19 3.2.6 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的检测 20 3.3 结果与讨论 22 3.3.1葡糖糖标准曲线