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An equivalent current source model and Laplacian weightedestimates of brain electrical activity.pdf

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An equivalent current source model and Laplacian weightedestimates of brain electrical activity

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, VOL. 49, NO. 4, APRIL 2002 277 An Equivalent Current Source Model and Laplacian Weighted Minimum Norm Current Estimates of Brain Electrical Activity Bin He*, Senior Member, IEEE, D. Yao, Jie Lian, Student Member, IEEE, and D Wu Abstract—We have developed a method for estimating the three- dimensional distribution of equivalent current sources inside the brain from scalp potentials. Laplacian weighted minimum norm algorithm has been used in the present study to estimate the inverse solutions. A three-concentric-sphere inhomogeneous head model was used to represent the head volume conductor. A closed-form solution of the electrical potential over the scalp and inside the brain due to a point current source was developed for the three- concentric-sphere inhomogeneous head model. Computer simula- tion studies were conducted to validate the proposed equivalent current source imaging. Assuming source configurations as either multiple dipoles or point current sources/sinks, in computer simu- lations we used our method to reconstruct these sources, and com- pared with the equivalent dipole source imaging. Human exper- imental studies were also conducted and the equivalent current source imaging was performed on the visual evoked potential data. These results highlight the advantages of the equivalent current source imaging and suggest that it may become an alternative ap- proach to imaging spatially distributed current sources-sinks in the brain and other organ systems. Index Terms—Brain electric source imaging, equivalent current source, equivalent dipole source, forward problem, high-resolution EEG, inverse problem. I. INTRODUCTION B RAIN electrical activity is spatially distributed over three dimensions of the brain and evolves with time. It is of sig- nificance and importance to image brain electrical activity from the noninvasive scalp electroencephalogram (EEG). A signifi- cant amount of effort has been put forth in the pas