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Asymptotic First Eigenvalue Estimates for the Biharmonic Operator on a Rectangle.pdf

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Asymptotic First Eigenvalue Estimates for the Biharmonic Operator on a Rectangle

a r X i v : m a t h / 9 8 0 3 0 1 1 v 1 [ m a t h .S P ] 5 M a r 1 9 9 8 Asymptotic First Eigenvalue Estimates For The Biharmonic Operator On A Rectangle M. P. Owen Department of Mathematics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS Abstract We find an asymptotic expression for the first eigenvalue of the biharmonic operator on a long thin rectangle. This is done by find- ing lower and upper bounds which become increasingly accurate with increasing length. The lower bound is found by algebraic manipula- tion of the operator, and the upper bound is found by minimising the quadratic form for the operator over a test space consisting of sepa- rable functions. These bounds can be used to show that the negative part of the groundstate is small. 1. Introduction There is a considerable literature on studies of the biharmonic operator act- ing in L2(?) for particular regions ? ? R2, especially the square, disk and punctured disk. In this paper we study the operator acting in L2(Rh), where Rh is the rectangle [0, h] × [0, 1]. Difficulties in studying the biharmonic operator arise because the eigenvalue problem ?2f = μf, f = ?f ?n = 0 on ?Rh (1) is not exactly soluble. The boundary conditions in this problem are called Dirichlet boundary conditions or clamped plate boundary conditions. Nu- merical analysts have succeeded in proving a number of interesting results about the groundstate of the biharmonic operator and the corresponding eigenvalue for the square and some rectangles, however there are very few 1 previous results concerning the h-dependence of spectral quantities. One such result is by Behnke and Mertins [BM95]. See note 4. For the unit square the best current enclosure μ1 = 1294.9339 88 40 for the first eigenvalue is due to C. Wieners [Wie] using the Tempel-Lehmann- Go?risch method to obtain the lower bound, and minimisation of the quadratic form of the operator on a certain space of test functions for the upper bound. The enclosure is guaranteed by