Appreciation of English Poetry 英语专业毕业论文.docVIP

Appreciation of English Poetry 1. The definition of poetry Poetry is one of the three types, or genres, of literature, the other being prose and drama. Poems are often divided into lines and stanzas. Many poems employ regular rhythmical patterns, or meters. However, some are written in free verse. Most poems make use of highly concise, musical, and emotionally charged language. 2. Function of poetry ● Line（诗行） ● Stanza (诗节) : A stanza is a group of lines in a poem, seen as a unit. Many poems are divided into stanzas that are separated by spaces. Stanzas often function like paragraphs in prose. Each stanza states and develops one main idea. Stanzas are commonly named according to the number or lines found in them, as follows: Couplet (对句): a two-line stanza Tercet (三行诗): a three-line stanza Quatrain (四行诗): a four-line stanza Cinquain (五行诗):a five-line stanza Sestet (六行诗): a six-line stanza Heptastich (七行诗): a seven-line stanza Octave (八行诗): an eight-line stanza ● Rhyme (韵律): Rhyme is the repetition of sound at the ends of words. Terminal rhyme / End rhyme (尾韵) occurs when rhyming words appear at the ends of lines. Internal rhyme (谐元音/ 腹韵/ 中韵) occurs when rhyming words fall within a line. Initial rhyme / head rhyme / Alliteration (头韵) comes at the beginning of a line. ● Foot（音步）：A unit of poetic meter consisting of stressed and unstressed syllables in any of various set combinations. For example, an iambic foot has an unstressed followed by a stressed syllable.诗歌音步的单位，在一种组合中由重读或不重读的音节形成。例如，抑扬格的音步(＾﹣)是非重读音节后跟重读音节。Eg: From fair/est creat/ures we/desire/increse, That there/by beau/ties Rose/might ne/ver die. → 轻重/轻重/轻重/轻重/轻重 一个轻重就是一个foot (音步), 每行十个音节,五个轻重,就是五音步(pentameter),一个轻音和一个重音构成一个音步,叫抑扬格(iamb)。组合起来这两行诗的韵律就叫抑扬五音步(iambic pentameter)。 这两行诗按照韵律读起来,大概就是下边这个感觉: 的大/的大/的大/的大/的大 ● Rhyme scheme(韵脚): A rhyme scheme is a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem or stanza. To indicate a rhyme scheme, assign each final sound in the poem or stanza a different letter.