Discovery of a very X-ray luminous galaxy cluster at z=0.89 in the WARPS survey.pdf

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Discovery of a very X-ray luminous galaxy cluster at z=0.89 in the WARPS survey.pdf

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Discovery of a very X-ray luminous galaxy cluster at z=0.89 in the WARPS survey

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 0 1 2 1 7 5 v 1 8 D e c 2 0 0 0 Draft version February 1, 2008 Preprint typeset using LATEX style emulateapj v. 04/03/99 DISCOVERY OF A VERY X-RAY LUMINOUS GALAXY CLUSTER AT Z = 0.89 IN THE WARPS SURVEY H. Ebeling1,8, L.R. Jones2,8, B.W. Fairley2, E. Perlman3,4, C. Scharf5, D. Horner6,7 accepted for publication in ApJL ABSTRACT We report the discovery of the galaxy cluster ClJ1226.9+3332 in the Wide Angle ROSAT Pointed Survey (WARPS). At z = 0.888 and LX = 1.1× 10 45 h?250 erg s ?1 (0.5? 2.0 keV) ClJ1226.9+3332 is the most distant X-ray luminous cluster currently known. The mere existence of this system represents a huge problem for ?0 = 1 world models. At the modest (off-axis) resolution of the ROSAT PSPC observation in which the system was detected, ClJ1226.9+3332 appears relaxed; an off-axis HRI observation confirms this impression and rules out significant contamination from point sources. However, in moderately deep optical images (R and I band) the cluster exhibits signs of substructure in its apparent galaxy distribution. A first crude estimate of the velocity dispersion of the cluster galaxies based on six redshifts yields a high value of 1650 km s?1, indicative of a very massive cluster and/or the presence of substructure along the line of sight. While a more accurate assessment of the dynamical state of this system requires much better data at both optical and X-ray wavelengths, the high mass of the cluster has already been unambiguously confirmed by a very strong detection of the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect in its direction (Joy et al. 2001). Using ClJ1226.9+3332 and ClJ0152.7–1357 (z = 0.835), the second-most distant X-ray luminous cluster currently known and also a WARPS discovery, we obtain a first estimate of the cluster X-ray luminosity function at 0.8 z 1.4 and LX 5 × 10 44 h?250 erg s ?1 (0.5 ? 2.0 keV). Using the best currently available data, we find the comoving space density of very distant, massive cluster