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On Bars, Bulges and Fuelling of Active Galactic Nuclei.pdf

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On Bars, Bulges and Fuelling of Active Galactic Nuclei

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 4 0 8 1 9 8 v 1 1 1 A u g 2 0 0 4 On Bars, Bulges and Fuelling of Active Galactic Nuclei Rosemary F.G. Wyse The Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 wyse@pha.jhu.edu ABSTRACT Both fuelling of a central black hole and the build-up of bulges are – at least theoretically – facilitated by non-axisymmetric potentials. It is argued here that the recently established surface brightness division between bulge-dominated galaxies that dominate the local type 2 AGN luminosity function, and disk- dominated galaxies that host (at best) weak AGN can be understood in terms of a simple bar-instability criterion. Subject headings: galaxies: active – galaxies: bulges – galaxies: evolution – galaxies: spiral 1. Introduction: The Observed Surface Density Criterion Kauffmann et al. (2003) have recently demonstrated, using the vast dataset on nearby galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a stellar mass, and equivalent stellar surface mass density (or surface brightness), criterion for the separation of bulge-dominated and disk-dominated galaxies (as classified by the value of the concentration parameter). They find that bulges dominate for systems of stellar mass greater than ～ 3 × 1010M⊙, with a corresponding mean stellar surface density interior to the half-mass radius of μ? ～ 3 × 108M⊙/kpc 2. Heckman et al. (2004) analysed the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) population within the SDSS dataset, and concluded that the critical surface density also marked the onset of AGN activity, in terms of contributions to the volume-weighted [OIII] luminosity (their Fig. 4). They find that significant AGN activity occurs only for μ? ～ 3×10 8M⊙/kpc 2, peaking at μ? ～ 10 9M⊙/kpc 2. The surface density measurement used for the SDSS sample of Kauffmann et al. is the mean surface density within the half-light radius, derived from a combination of model fits to the spectra to determine the total stell