On the Solid, Liquid and Solution Structural Organization of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids.pdfVIP
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On the Solid, Liquid and Solution Structural Organization of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 15, No. 3, 341-350, 2004.
Printed in Brazil - ?2004 Sociedade Brasileira de Química
0103 - 5053 $6.00+0.00
R
eview
* e-mail: dupont@iq.ufrgs.br
On the Solid, Liquid and Solution Structural Organization of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
Jairton Dupont
Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gon?alves, 9500, 91501-970
Porto Alegre - RS Brazil
Sais derivados do cátion 1,3-dialquilimidazólio s?o uma das mais populares e investigadas
classes de líquidos i?nicos a temperatura ambiente. Embora, em vários casos, suas propriedades
físico-químicas e/ou o resultado dos processos que ocorrem nesses líquidos diferem significantemente
daqueles obtidos em solventes organicos dipolares, estes ainda podem ser descritos como simples
solventes organicos. Nesta revis?o, será introduzido o conceito que líquidos i?nicos derivados do
cátion 1,3-dialquilimidazólio s?o mais convenientemente descritos como estruturas poliméricas
supramoleculares do tipo {[(DAI)
x
(X)
x-n
)]n+ [(DAI)
x-n
(X)
x
)]n-}
n
onde DAI representa o cátion 1,3-
dialquilimidazólio e X o anion. Este padr?o estrutural é observado geralmente em sólidos e mantido
em grande extens?o no estado líquido e mesmo em fase gasosa. A introdu??o de outras moléculas ou
macromoléculas no líquido i?nico provoca a perturba??o da rede de liga??es de hidrogênios podendo
gerar, em alguns casos, nano-estruturas com regi?es polares e apolares onde compostos de inclus?o
podem ser formados.
1,3-dialkyl imidazolium salts are one of the most popular and investigated classes of room
temperature ionic liquids. Although in various cases the physical-chemical properties and/or the
outcome of the processes in these liquids significantly differ from those performed in “classical”
dipolar organic solvents, they are still regarded as merely homogeneous solvents. In this brief
overview it is developed the concept that pure 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids are better described
as hydrogen-bonde
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