陈永杰 社会政策（英语）Lecture 11 Housing policy in China.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Housing Policy in China Lecture 6 Housing reform Part of economic reform Started in 1980s A cautious and slow process What was the housing situation before reform? Welfare Allocation Housing System (福利分房制度) Welfare Allocation Housing System:features 1) Housing was mainly funded by the Ministry of Construction (1979: 90%) and only nominal rent was charged Welfare Allocation Housing System:features 2) Housing was allocated through the work-unit Government budget expenditure work unit 1 work unit 2 work unit 3 …… Employee …… employee employee Welfare Allocation Housing System:features 3) Housing tenure: Public-owned (state / work units) Employees only had a bundle of rights of possession, use and benefit, not of disposition (leave the work unit ? move out of the house) Welfare Allocation Housing System:features 4) Housing consumption Undesirable attitudes towards housing consumption Individuals regard housing as a welfare benefit for which the state and work units should be responsible Welfare Allocation Housing System:problems 1) Housing shortage (limited living space, long waiting time, insufficient investment) Causes: Emphasis on industrial development: large scale new construction movement (new factories) under the first Five Year Plan (1953-1957) Urban population growth: 57.65 million (10.6%) in 1949?99.49 million (15.4) in 1957 Ideological neglect of infrastructure and housing development 【 “work before live (先生产后生活)”；“private business is trivial no matter how important it appears to be; collective issue is important even it seems to be trivial(人的事再大，也是小事；集体的事再小，也是大事)”…… 】 Welfare Allocation Housing System:problems 2) substandard housing conditions (lack of amenities, disrepair, overcrowding, ) Welfare Allocation Housing System:problems 3) inequality (housing quality, distribution of housing, access to housing) between different regions (industrial