Drug resistance of cancer stem cells and tumor Progress.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 12 Drug resistance of cancer stem cells and tumor Progress [Keywords:] tumor drug resistance of cancer stem cells The main obstacle to cancer treatment of tumor cell drug resistance. No cure or relapse of the tumor has never been used on a variety of drugs are also resistant, so that the effects of cancer treatment are not significantly increased. Of tumor resistance research and finding the mechanism of development of drug resistance reversal is currently an important topic worthy of study. In recent years, cancer stem cell research has attracted much attention [1 ~ 3], many researchers have found from the experiment after another and isolate cancer stem cells and proposed cancer stem cell hypothesis, this new tumor model well explained the drug because of tumor recurrence after treatment. This article describes the mechanism of drug resistance and strategies to provide guidance for clinical cancer therapy. 1. The discovery of cancer stem cells and characteristics of In 1977, Hamburger and other experiments confirmed that 1 / 1000 ~ 1 / 5000 of the solid tumor cells to form colonies, for the first time clearly stated, “cancer stem cell hypothesis,” the hypothesis that the tumor originated in a small number of Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs.1997 years, Bonnet [4] from acute myeloid leukemia bone marrow of patients were identified first CSCs: leukemia stem cells, the phenotype CD34 + CD38-. followed by breast cancer stem cells and brain tumor stem cells have been found to make cancer stem cell hypothesis, further experiments support. CSCs with hematopoietic stem cells, with self-renewal capacity, long-term survival, but also with CD34 +, CD38-surface markers, have similar gene regulation systems, such as the Wnt signaling pathway [5]. CSCs sorting most of the use of its specificity surface markers and normal stem cells differentiate but also by flow sorting SP (side population) cells to obtain. stem cells express ABCG2, it can pump ou