Incentives for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis and nursing.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 4 Incentives for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis and nursing [Keywords:] liver cirrhosis; upper gastrointestinal bleeding; Care Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common complication of advanced cirrhosis of the liver, mostly due to the rupture of esophageal varices, a small part of complicated peptic ulcer and portal hypertensive gastropathy caused. 1 Clinical data 1.1 General information 15 patients, 13 males and 2 females; age 36 to 70 years, intake of high protein diet, fat diet for 1 / 3, with residue of food intake 1 / 3, intake of spicy food 2 / 15 , eating too full 3 / 15. 1.2 incentives (1) patients with liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension; (2) esophageal and gastric varices; (3) poor diet induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding. 2 Care Emotional stability of patients were seen 2.1 hematemesis melena, the emotional state of fear, often in extreme tension, mental stress can cause the patient heart rate, blood pressure lead to increased bleeding, so health care workers during the operation should be careful, skilled operation, to maintain calm, cool, decisive, confident attitude, patient questions to provide strategic answers to ease their families should also be correct to avoid adverse effects to patients family members adversely affected and stimulation. 2.2 restrict the activities of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding should rest in bed, bleeding, immediately raise or lower the patient supine 30 to ensure the blood supply to the brain and reduce intra-abdominal pressure, and head to one side to prevent choking, give oxygen. 2.3 The two venous channels open quickly to prepare for infusion, transfusion, and given sufficient hemostatic agent, more than 24h at the bleeding stopped, do not apply in the case of step-up drugs, blood pressure stable 6h after the infusion speed should be strictly controlled, 24h to go through the calculation of fluid average speed after the infusi