定语从句及被动语态(英语必修1-2语法).docVIP

定语从句及专项练习 定语从句 —— 修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。 先行词 —— 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。 关系词 —— 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词分两种： 一是关系代词(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分) 二是关系副词(在定语从句中担任状语成分) 关系词的三个功能： 1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）； 2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）； 3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。 A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. —— A plane is a machine, and the machine can fly. —— A plane is a machine that can fly. 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as 在定语从句中可担任主语的是： who, that, which, as 在定语从句中可担任宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as 在定语从句中可担任定语的是： whose, which 当先行词是人时，可用的关系词是：who, whom, that, as 当先行词是物时，可用的关系词是：which, that, whose, as 关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因) 关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom 定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。 先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性。 非限制性定语从句一般不可用关系代词that引导。 唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。 以下练习详细介绍了定语从句使用的具体语法规则。 单选： A football fan is _____ has a strong interest in football. A. that B. who C. a person who D. what 2. The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired. A. whose roof B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof 3. Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked D. you talked about 4. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled. A. that B. what C. why D. for which 5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 6. Who _____ has common sense（常识） will do such a thing? A. which B. who C. whom D. that 7. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. those C. which D. what 8. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front. A. what B. that C. which D. where 9. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all 10. A child _____ parents have died is called an