NeuroD on cell differentiation.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 20 NeuroD on cell differentiation [Keywords:] helix - loop - helix structure; transcription factor; nerve tissue proteins; genes; cell differentiation Neurogenic differentiation protein (neurogenic differentiation, NeuroD) was first analyzed by yeast two-hybrid system to clone a new basic helix - loop - helix (basic Helix-loop-helix, bHLH) family members [1]. Its biological role in a wide range, in addition to the process of neural differentiation and development plays an important role, is also involved in pancreas development and β -cell differentiation in vitro differentiation of cell lines also have a role. The NeuroD knockout mice appeared nervous system of some cell death, can lead to the cerebellum, hippocampus, inner ear structures and the absence of sensory ganglion cells, resulting in ataxia, deafness and other aspects of nervous system dysfunction. The writer’s NeuroD on cell differentiation has done a review for the clinical treatment of related diseases provide a new way of thinking. 1 NeuroD source Basic helix - loop - helix genes (basic helix-loop-helix genes, bHLH) is a transcriptional network during development an integral part of the extensive participation of nerves and muscles occur, cell proliferation, differentiation, cell lineage decisions, sex determination and other basic physiological processes. Domain is characterized by including: a helix - loop - helix domain (helix-loop-helix motif, HLH domain) and its upstream a short domain of basic amino acids (basic domain). bHLH protein, mainly in the form of homo-or heterodimers with the DNA on the E box (E-box) sequence-CANNTG-binding and function [2]. In accordance with the DNA-binding modes, bHLH generally divided into three categories: (1) with E box enhancer sequence of the bHLH binding proteins, including sarcoplasmic proteins (myogen D, MyOD), neurogenic differentiation protein (neurogenic differentiation, NeuroD) / elastin (atonal), oligodendrocyte cell fac