新发传染病应的对策略与措施.pdf

疾病控制杂志 2006 年 4 月第 10 卷第 2 期 183 讲座与综述 新发传染病应对策略与措施 向浩1, 雷正龙2, 聂绍发1 摘要 近年在全球范围内已先后发现了 30 多种新发传染病, 以 SARS 和禽流感为代表的新发传 染病严重威胁人类的健康, 影响社会 的稳定 和发展, 引起 了各国 政府的极 大关注。 面临各 种新发 传染病时应当采取何种应对策略已经成为了一个 不可避免的问题, 有必要 进一步去探 索。本文对 新发传染病的概念和特点 进行 了探讨、对 世界 各国近 年来 应对新 发传 染病的 策略 和措 施进 行综 述, 并 提出我国应该如何应对新发传染病的建议。 关键 词 传染病; 感染控制; 公共卫生 中图 分类号 R825. 1; R821. 41 文献标识码 A 文章 编号 10086013( 2006) 02018303 Responding strategy and measures of emerging infectious diseases XIA NG Hao1 , L EI Zhenglong2 , N IE Shaofa1 . 1. Dep artment of Ep idemiology and Statistics, School of Public H ealth, T ongji M ed ical College, H uaz hong University of Science and T echnology , W uhan 430030, China; 2. H ealth Emergency Resp onse Of f ice, Ministry of H ealth P . R . C , Beijing 100069, China Abstract M ore than thirty kinds of emerg ing infect ious diseases have been discovered successively in recent years. Emerging infect ious diseases such as infectious at ypical pneumo nia and avian influenza have severely threaten human s health, decreased the stabilizatio n and development of societies, and caused the max imum attention of each gov ernments. Ho w to choose responding strateg y has been an inevitable problem, w hich are deserv ed our g reat effo rts to explore. T his review describes the concept ion and fea tures of emerging infectious diseases and responding strategy of natio ns, as well makes sugg estions for