Archaeal Ubiquitin-Like Proteins Functional Versatility and Putative Ancestral Involvement in tRNA Modification Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analysis英文文献资料.docVIP

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Archaeal Ubiquitin-Like Proteins Functional Versatility and Putative Ancestral Involvement in tRNA Modification Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analysis英文文献资料.doc

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Archaeal Ubiquitin-Like Proteins Functional Versatility and Putative Ancestral Involvement in tRNA Modification Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analysis英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation Archaea Volume2010,ArticleID710303,10pages doi:10.1155/2010/710303 ResearchArticle ArchaealUbiquitin-LikeProteins:FunctionalVersatilityand PutativeAncestralInvolvementintRNAModi?cationRevealedby ComparativeGenomicAnalysis KiraS.MakarovaandEugeneV.Koonin NationalCenterforBiotechnologyInformation,NLM,NationalInstitutesofHealth,Bethesda,MD20894,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoEugeneV.Koonin,koonin@ Received18May2010;Accepted20July2010 AcademicEditor:JulieMaupin-Furlow Copyright?2010K.S.MakarovaandE.V.Koonin. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis properlycited. The recent discovery of protein modi?cation by SAMPs, ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins from the archaeon Haloferax volcanii, promptedacomprehensivecomparative-genomicanalysisofarchaealUblproteingenesandthegenesforenzymesthoughtto be functionally associated with Ubl proteins. This analysis showed that most archaea encode members of two major groups ofUblproteinswiththeβ-graspfold,theThiSandMoaDfamilies,andindicatedthattheThiSfamilygenesarerarelylinked to genes for thiamine or Mo/W cofactor metabolism enzymes but instead are most often associated with genes for enzymes oftRNAmodi?cation.ThereforeitishypothesizedthattheancestralfunctionofthearchaealUblproteinsissulfurinsertion intomodi?ednucleotidesintRNAs,anactivityanalogoustothatoftheURM1proteinineukaryotes.Togetherwithadditional, previouslydescribedgenomicassociations,these?ndingsindicatethatsystemsforproteinqualitycontroloperatingatdi?erent levels,includingtRNAmodi?cationthatcontrolstranslation?delity,proteinubiquitinationthatregulatesproteindegradation, and,possibly,mRNAdegradationbytheexosome,arefunctionallyandevolutionarilylinked. 1.Introduction homologsinbacteriaandmostlikelyinarchaeaareinvolved inthiamineandmolybdenum(Mo)/tungsten(W)cofactor biosynthesisalongwithfunctionallylinke