Attachment Styles are Related to ERPs Elicited to Angry Faces in an Oddball Paradigm英文文献资料.docVIP

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science, 2012, 2, 128-140 /10.4236/jbbs.2012.21015 Published Online February 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jbbs) Attachment Styles Are Related to ERPs Elicited to Angry Faces in an Oddball Paradigm Ruth E. Mark , Fienke I. M. Geurdes , Marrie H. J. Bekker 1* 1 2 Department of Medical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands Email: R.E.Mark@uvt.nl * 1 2 Received May 19, 2011; revised July 15, 2011; accepted October 24, 2011 ABSTRACT Attachment theory suggests that anxious attachment is associated with hypervigilance to threatening social stimuli, and avoidant attachment with avoidance or suppression of processing such stimuli. Twenty-five students viewed angry, fearful and neutral female faces in four visual oddball tasks, and completed the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Autonomy-Connectedness Scale, and Anxiety and Depression subscales of the Symptom Checklist-90. When the odd- balls were angry faces in a background of neutral frequents, we found higher levels of autonomy and secure attachment to be related to larger N100 and smaller P300 amplitudes; higher levels of anxious attachment were, on the contrary, associated with smaller N100 and larger P300 amplitudes. Variation in attachment is related to approaching, or with- drawing from threatening stimuli, and ERP-techniques add to our understanding of how the attachment system actually works. Keywords: Event-Related Potentials; Attachment Styles or Dimensions; Autonomy; Anxiety; Attentional Bias Theory 1. Introduction mary caregiver (typically the mother) and in this way form the basis for all their future relationships. These mental representations or maps which Bowlby called “in- ternal wo