Applying the Conceptual-Model of Progressive Development to the Contaminated Aquifer Underlying Israel’s Coastal Plain英文文献资料.docVIP

J. Water Resource and Protection, 2010, 2, 396-402 doi:10.4236/jwarp.2010.25046 Published Online May 2010 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jwarp) Applying the Conceptual-Model of Progressive Development to the Contaminated Aquifer Underlying Israel’s Coastal Plain Yakov Livshitz , Arie S. Issar 1 2 Hydrological Service of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel Ben-Gurion University, Jerusalem, Israel 1 2 E-mail: yakovl20@.il, issar@bgu.ac.il Received November 3, 2009; revised November 30, 2009; accepted January 20, 2010 Abstract The last ten years of moderate to low precipitation rates in Israel may be a confirmation of the forecast, based on historical data, that recent, repeated droughts are a function of global warming. In this case the conventional policy of “Sustainable Development” is not sufficient to avert the impact of diminution of precipitation on Israel’s water supply. Instead, a policy of “Progressive Development” is proposed, which aims to exploit, stage by stage, first the water resources most available and at lowest cost until they are ex- hausted. Once this stage is under execution, progressive steps are taken to develop more costly resources by advanced methods of exploitation. A case study of such a development plan is the controlled deterioration of the water quality of the coastal plain aquifer of Israel. Keywords: Progressive Development, Global Warming, Water Resources, Water Quality, Coastal Aquifer 1. Introduction sent generation is the basic condition for any future. The second part of this answer will be that in order to guar- antee the survival of present and future generations courage is required to develop new resources even when this demands broad and deep changes in the natural en- vironment. Such changes, among others, are the drying up of the summer flow of springs, by pumping and low- ering the groundwater table, in order to prepare an empty volume of storag