Biosensors based on nucleic acid interaction英文文献资料.docVIP

Spectroscopy 17 (2003) 613–625 IOS Press 613 Biosensors based on nucleic acid interaction M. Minunni Biosensor Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy Tel.: +39 055 4573314; Fax: +39 055 4573384; E-mail: minunni@uni?.it Abstract. DNA sensing is an emerging technology based on hybridisation reaction between an immobilised DNA probe and a molecular target, consisting of a probe complementary sequence in solution. Many application have been developed in the ?eld of environmental, food and clinical analysis. Surface plasmon resonance and piezoelectric sensing are reported as transduction principles for DNA-based devices. These techniques are able to monitor in real-time and without the use of any label the hybridisation reaction between nucleic acids. Particular attention is given to Genetically Modi?ed Organism detection. Keywords: Biosensor, DNA sensing, nucleic acids, hybridisation reaction 1. Introduction The term af?nity biosensor refers to a device incorporating immobilised biological receptor mole- cules that can reversibly detect receptor–ligand interactions with a high differential selectivity and in a non-destructive mode. In af?nity sensors, a stoichiometric binding event takes place and the associated physicochemical changes are detected by an appropriate transducer [4]. The biorecognition elements that are normally employed in the realisation of an af?nity biosensor are antibodies, receptors or nucleic acids. In recent years, nucleic acids have received increasing interest as bioreceptors for biosensors and biochips [1,6,15,20,23]. The biorecognition mechanism involves hybridisation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA). The complementarity of adenine :thymine (A:T) and cyto- sine:guanine (C:G) pairing in DNA forms the basis for the biorecognition speci?city in DNA biosen- sors. These biosensors are often based on the immobili